Jazz Age (1920-1929)

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9d/The-Jazz-Age-.jpg>.

This is a movie poster of the Jazz Age in 1929 called 'A Scathing Indictment of the Bewildered Children of Pleasure....Riding the Gilded Juggernaut of Jazz & Gin.'

Jazz Age

In 1918-1929, a new period of time was created, the Jazz Age, which it was during the end of World War I and the start of the Great Depression in the 20th century. The Jazz Age was one of the most popular in the segments of society during 1920s. It took the name ‘Jazz Age’ from F. Scott Fitzgerald and jazz music. Two of the most popular Jazz musicians during Jazz Age were Louise Armstrong, and Duke Ellington.

Important Events of 1920s

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Crowd_outside_nyse.jpg>.

This picture is when the people gathered in the Wall Street.

Wall Street Crash of 1929

One of the most devastating stock market crashes of the American History is the Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as the Crash of ’29, also, consisted the ‘Black Tuesday’. It was the time of prosperity when the market was totally destroyed on October 24, 1929, the Black Tuesday, the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the largest stock market of the world, collapsed. The market was unstable, the stock prices fell that day, and continued to fall. However, the crash leads to the starting of important financial reforms and trading regulations. This was the cause and the start of the Great Depression, the world economic crisis, which leads to devastating effects on the industrialized countries as well as the countries that exported materials.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Symbol_of_the_League_of_Nations.svg>.

League of Nations

The League of Nations, resulted from the Paris Conference in 1919-1920, was an international organization that supported disarmament, preventing war through collective security, using negotiating for setting disputes between countries, diplomacy, and improvement of global welfare. After a number of successes and failures in the 1920s, the League was proved that they were incapable of preventing aggression by the Axis Powers in 1930s, and failed its primary purpose, which was to avoid any further world war. The United Nations Organization replaced it after the end of World War II.

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/af/Klan-in-gainesville.jpg>.

The picture of the second Ku Klux Klan at a rally in 1923.

Ku Klux Klan in 1920s

A second version of the Ku Klux Klan arose during the 1920s. Immigration, fear of radicalism, and a revolution was widespread throughout 1920s. The member of the Ku Klux Klan peaked in 1920s, which exceeded 4,000,000 members. The burning cross became the symbol of the new organization. Many white-robed Klansmen participated in marches, parades, and nighttime cross burnings all over the country.

Important People of 1920s

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7e/ARMST01.jpg>.
This is the picture of Louise Armstrong, playing his trumpet, which this photo was the part of Howard Frank Archives of Hollywood celebrities.

Louise Armstrong

Louise Armstrong was an American jazz musician, and he was one of the most famous jazz musicians in the 20th century. At that time, he was known as ‘Satchmo’ or ‘Pops’. He inspired and influenced people of the 20th century with his creative performances and improvised soloing. Improvised soloing was the major change in jazz that shifted from collective melodic playing. His influences were one of the major impacts on music of the 20th century. At the very beginning of his career, he became famous as a cornet player, then he switched to play trumpet, performing in small clubs, at the funerals, or parades around the town. Throughout his career, he spread jazz around the world. However, he was best known as a vocalist, and became one of the most influential jazz singers of the 20th century. Many of his records remain popular more than three decades since he died. Louise Armstrong was honored by the people of the world. Nowadays, his songs are broadcast, and listened in everyday of our lives.

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/dc/Ruth1918.jpg>.

Babe Ruth

George Herman Ruth, Jr. was one of the greatest baseball players in the history. He was an American Major League baseball player, also known as “Babe”, "The Bambino", "The Sultan of Swat", "The King of Crash", "The Titan of Terror" and "The Colossus of Clout". He began his career as an outfielder with the New York Yankees, however, he later became a successful starting pitcher for the Boston Red Fox. He set several World Series pitching records, and he also hit 29 home runs in a single season, which broke Ned Williamson’s record. His life time with the total of 714 home runs record was considered one of the Major League’s Baseball unbreakable records. Ruth popularized baseball during his lifetime, especially in 1920s, and he became the first American sports celebrity superstar. Although he died nearly 60 years ago, nowadays his name was still one of the famous names in American Sports.

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Nellie_Tayloe_Ross.jpg>.

Nellie Tayloe Ross

Nellie Tayloe Ross was the first American woman to serve as governor of a US state. She was the governor of Wyoming from 1925 to 1927, which nowadays she was also the only woman who had ever served as governor of Wyoming. She later became the director of the National Mint for many years. On September 11, 1902, she married a young lawyer named William Bradford Ross, who later became the leader of the Democratic Party of the state. In 1922, he was elected as governor of Wyoming, however, after serving a year and a half in his office, he died, because of appendectomy. After her husband died, she was easily elected the governor of Wyoming, although she refused to campaign. On January 5, 1925, she became the first woman governor in the history of the United States. She continued her husband’s policies, which was to call for tax cuts, banking reforms, assistance for poor farmers, and laws to protect children, woman workers, and miners. She ran for re-election, but was almost defeated. However, she remained active in Democratic Party. Later she served as vice chairman of the Democratic Party, and became the first female director of the US Mint on May 3, 1933.

Famous Writer of 1920s

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Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald

F. Scott Fitzgerald, an American Jazz Age author of novels and short stories, was regarded one of the best writer of the 20th century. In 1920s, he was a part of the community called ‘Lost Generations’, whose worked to exile communist in Paris. He was very famous and very popular during that time. During his life time, he wrote lots of short stories about youth, despair, and age. Also, he finished four novels, left one unfinished.

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/28/ErnestHemingway.jpg>.

Ernest Miller Hemingway

Ernest Miller Hemingway, an American novelist, a journalist, and a short-story writer, was quite famous and his writing was popular during the 20th century. In 1920s, he was part of the community that exiled the communist in Paris, which was known as ‘The Lost Generation’. In 1953, he received the Pulitzer Prize for ‘The Old Man and the Sea’, and the following year, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature. He suffered from increasing physical and mental problems during his life, which that leads to his committing suicide by shooting himself in July 1961.

Famous Musician of 1920s

<http://www.pbs.org/jazz/biography/artist_id_ellington_duke.htm>.

Duke Ellington

Edward Kennedy Duke Ellington was one of the most famous and greatest composers, pianists, artists, and bandleaders of the history of music in the 20th century. With lots of variety of forms and number of compositions, he was considered one of the most influential jazz musicians of the 20th century. When he was seven years old, he started study piano. By 1923, Duke Ellington moved to New York City, and had his own band called ‘the Washingtonians’, then he formed Duke Ellington Orchestra. He wrote music for all kinds of settings, such as the ballroom, the comedy stage, the nightclub, the movie house, the theater, the concert hall, and the cathedral. Later he became the mater of romantic ballad, and created huge numbers of songs that characterized the great soloists in his jazz orchestra. In 1940s, he with his orchestra toured all around US and Europe before and after World War II.

Important Technological Improvements

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Penicillin-core.png>.
This is the picture of the penicillin nucleus.

Penicillin

Penicillin is a group of beta-lactam antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections caused by sensitive organism. Penicillin was discovered by Scottish scientist, Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928. However, penicillin was developed as a medicine by Australia Nobel Laureate Howard Walter Florey. During World War II, penicillin was a major change in the number of deaths caused by infected wounds. Penicillin is an important scientific discovery in the 20th century, and it is a life saver!!!

<http://www.scotclans.com/scottish_history/modern_scotland/1926_television.html>.

First Television

One of men’s greatest inventions is television, also known as TV. Television was invented by John Logie Baird. The first television that he successfully transmitted from one room to another was in 1926. In 1927, he sent a moving image from London to Glasgow through telephone wires. In 1928, he successfully transmitted the first Atlantic television broadcast.

Important Scientific Discovery

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/InsulinMonomer.jpg>.
This picture is the structure of insulin. The left side is a space-filling model of the insulin monomer; green=Carbon, White=hydrogen, red=oxygen, and blue=nitrogen. On the right side is a cartoon of the insulin hexamer.

Insulin

Insulin was discovered by Dr. Frederick Banting with his team, which includes Best, Macleod and Collipin, in 1921. It is an animal hormone used to inform the body’s cells that the animal is well fed. By informing animal body’s cells, it causes the liver and muscle cells to take in glucose, and store it in the form of glycogen. Also, it causes the fat cells to take in blood lipids and turn them into triglycerides. Its structure varies depending on the animal’s species. Insulin is medically used to treat some forms of diabetes mellitus, also known as sugar disease, a disease that killed thousands of people every year until the discovery of insulin.

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